The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.